5 EV Charger Protection Methods for Charging Infrastructure

As the world transitions to electric mobility, electric vehicle (EV) chargers have become critical infrastructure for businesses, fleets, and public charging networks. But with increased connectivity comes increased risk. Cyberattacks on EV chargers can lead to unauthorized charging sessions, data breaches, and even operational disruptions.

In this article, we’ll explore five essential methods to protect EV chargers from cyber threats. From implementing Single Sign-On (SSO) to conducting penetration tests, these best practices will help you safeguard your charging systems, ensure compliance, and maintain the trust of your customers.

1. Implement Single Sign-On (SSO) for Centralized Security

Single Sign-On (SSO) is one of the most effective ways to manage user access and secure your EV charging ecosystem.

Why SSO matters for EV charger security:

• One login for multiple systems: SSO allows users to access charging management platforms, reporting tools, and other integrated systems with a single login, improving convenience while reducing password fatigue.
  
  
• Stronger authentication controls: SSO solutions typically enforce robust password policies and enable multi-factor authentication (2FA), ensuring that only verified users gain access.
  
  
• Centralized access management: Security teams can centrally define, monitor, and revoke access across platforms, streamlining user management and improving visibility into potential risks.
  
  
• Compliance advantages: SSO is often required for industry certifications such as ISO 27001 and SOC 2 Type 2, making it essential for businesses aiming to meet these security standards.
  
  

By reducing password sprawl and centralizing control, SSO not only strengthens your defenses but also improves the user experience for employees and partners.

2. Enforce Strong Authentication Methods on EV Chargers

A surprisingly common mistake in EV infrastructure is leaving charging stations unprotected — allowing anyone with physical access to initiate a session.

Best practices for authentication at EV charging stations:

• Require authentication for all users: Whether through mobile apps, RFID cards, or plug-and-charge systems that automatically verify the vehicle, user authentication is critical.
  
  
• Use secure protocols: Implement OCPP (Open Charge Point Protocol) for secure communication between chargers and backend systems, and ensure backends support encrypted authentication mechanisms.
  
  
• Avoid the “behind-the-fence” fallacy: Even if chargers are located in private or fenced areas, authentication should still be required to prevent unauthorized usage by employees, contractors, or trespassers.
  
  

Securing access at the charger level prevents unauthorized energy consumption, protects company data, and limits liability.

3. Apply Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) provides granular control over who can access what within your charging ecosystem.

How RBAC enhances security:

• Granular permissions by role: For instance, a site operator can manage charging sessions but cannot view financial reports, while an energy manager can analyze energy data without changing charger configurations.
  
  
• Reduced data exposure: If a breach occurs, attackers gain access to only the subset of data linked to that role — not the entire system.
  
  
• Streamlined onboarding and offboarding: RBAC simplifies the process of adding new employees and removing access for departing staff or external vendors.
  
  
• Safe collaboration with third parties: Charger manufacturers, O&M providers, and integrators can be given temporary, limited access, ensuring they can perform their roles without exposing sensitive systems.
  
  

By limiting access to only what each user truly needs, RBAC reduces the risk of human error and data leaks while maintaining operational efficiency.

4. Strengthen Network Security for EV Chargers

EV chargers are part of a connected ecosystem, often requiring internet access for remote management. Unfortunately, this connectivity can also open doors for cybercriminals if not properly secured.

Networking best practices for EV charging infrastructure:

• Use enterprise-grade routers: Avoid default or consumer-grade routers. Configure enterprise-level devices with clear security policies.
  
  
• Restrict direct access: Ensure that chargers can only communicate with the charging management system (CMS). Block direct access from external systems or unauthorized networks.
  
  
• Leverage VPNs and encryption: Use VPN tunnels or other secure channels to protect data in transit between chargers and backend systems.
  
  
• Regularly update firmware: Outdated software on routers and chargers can leave them vulnerable to known exploits.
  
  

By hardening your network infrastructure, you can significantly reduce the attack surface and protect your chargers from unauthorized access.

5. Conduct Regular Penetration Testing (PenTests)

Penetration testing (PenTests) is a proactive measure to identify and patch vulnerabilities before malicious actors exploit them.

What you need to know about PenTests:

• Simulated attacks: External cybersecurity experts perform simulated attacks on your chargers, networks, and software systems to uncover weaknesses.
  
  
• Third-party validation: Independent testing provides an unbiased assessment of your infrastructure’s resilience.
  
  
• Contractual inclusion: For enterprises, penetration testing can be included in vendor agreements to ensure both the hardware and software providers regularly assess their systems.
  
  

While PenTests may be more common among large organizations, medium-sized businesses can also benefit significantly — particularly those handling sensitive customer data or operating large charging fleets.

Why Securing EV Chargers Matters More Than Ever

The consequences of neglecting EV charger security are far-reaching. Beyond financial losses from unauthorized charging sessions, breaches can lead to regulatory penalties, data leaks, and reputation damage. As charging networks expand and integrate with broader energy and fleet management systems, securing these endpoints becomes non-negotiable.

By adopting SSO, enabling robust authentication, implementing RBAC, securing networks, and conducting penetration tests, you can build a multi-layered defense strategy that keeps your charging infrastructure safe, reliable, and compliant.

Looking for expert help in securing your EV charging network? Consider working with cybersecurity professionals who specialize in EV infrastructure security and penetration testing for charging systems.